E tudo começou pela falta que sinto de um equivalente ao comando pacman -Qmq ou pacman -Qm do Arch Linux, o dito de uma só vez me entrega todos os pacotes não-oficiais instalados num Arch Linux. Tendo dito isto, com a leitura das 2 dicas anteriores e do conteúdo a seguir teremos algo similar num Debian, Ubuntu ou derivado.
Remoção Completa de pacotes não-oficiais
Na página do desenvolvedor Debian Raphael Hertzog, existe a demonstração de como remover toda a série de pacotes não oficiais, e isto é muito fácil:
Primeiro listamos todos os pacotes não oficiais, seja com:
$ aptitude search '?narrow(?installed, !?origin(Debian))!?obsolete'
Ou com:
$ aptitude search '~S ~i !~ODebian !~o'
Depois, removemos a opção search e adicionamos em seu lugar as opção remove ou purge, como em:
$ sudo aptitude purge '?narrow(?installed, !?origin(Debian))!?obsolete'
Ou:
$ sudo aptitude remove '~S ~i !~ODebian !~o'
log:
[27462:27448 0:787] 03:53:40 Ter Mar 17 [edps@debian: +1] ~
(1:787)$ sudo aptitude purge '?narrow(?installed, !?origin(Debian))!?obsolete'
Os pacotes a seguir serão REMOVIDOS:
aacgain{p} aacplusenc{p} adeskbar{p} adwaita-elements{p} adwaita-x-dark-theme{p} adwaita-x-light-theme{p}
antix-snapshot-cli{p} bbq-kielbasa-theme{p} bbq-tools{p} bleachbit{p} boje{p} cclive{p} clearbird-theme{p}
clearlooks-flat-compact{p} clearlooks-phenix{p} clipit{p} compton{p} cupertino-theme{p}
deb-multimedia-keyring{p} easytag{p} elegant-brit{p} exit-antix{p} faac{p} faenza-blue-dark{p}
faenza-cupertino{p} faenza-icon-theme{p} faience-icon-theme{p} faience-theme{p} ffmpeg{p} ffmpeg2theora{p}
flatstudio{p} futura{p} gambas3-gb-form{u} gambas3-gb-gtk{u} gambas3-gb-gui{u} gambas3-gb-image{u}
gambas3-gb-qt4{u} gambas3-gb-settings{u} gambas3-runtime{u} gmusicbrowser{p} google-chrome-unstable{p}
gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg{p} gstreamer0.10-plugins-really-bad{p} gtk2-engines-aurora{u} gtkdialog{p}
handbrake-gtk{p} jdownloader-installer{p} ktsuss{p} lame{p} lesstif2{u} libaacplus2{p} libav-tools{p}
libavcodec-dev{p} libavcodec53{p} libavcodec54{p} libavdevice54{p} libavfilter3{p} libavformat-dev{p}
libavformat53{p} libavformat54{p} libavutil-dev{p} libavutil51{p} libavutil52{p} libdc1394-22-dev{u}
libdca0{p} libdirac-dev{u} libdvdcss2{p} libexplain30{u} libfaac-dev{p} libfaac0{p} libfdk-aac0{p}
libffms2-2{u} libglib1.2-dev{p} libglib1.2ldbl{p} libgtk1.2{p} libgtk1.2-common{p} libgtk1.2-dev{p}
libguess1{u} libjline-java{u} liblavfile-2.0-0{p} liblavjpeg-2.0-0{p} liblavplay-2.0-0{p} liblsmash2{p}
libmac2{p} libmjpegutils-2.0-0{p} libmkv0{p} libmowgli2{u} libmp3lame-dev{p} libmp3lame0{p} libmp4v2-2{p}
libmpeg2encpp-2.0-0{p} libmplex2-2.0-0{p} libnspr4{p} libnspr4-0d{p} libnspr4-dev{p} libnss3{p}
libnss3-1d{p} libnss3-dev{p} libnss3-tools{p} liboggkate1{u} libopencore-amrnb-dev{u}
libopencore-amrwb-dev{u} libopusfile-dev{p} libopusfile0{p} liborc-0.4-dev{u} libpostproc52{p}
libquicktime2{u} libraw1394-dev{u} libraw1394-tools{u} librhino-java{u} libschroedinger-dev{u}
libsidplayfp-dev{p} libsidplayfp3{p} libswresample0{p} libswscale2{p} libtheora-dev{u} libva-glx1{u}
libvlc-dev{p} libvlc5{p} libvlccore-dev{p} libvlccore5{p} libx264-124{p} libx264-132{p} libx264-142{p}
libx264-dev{p} libxp6{u} libxvidcore-dev{p} libxvidcore4{p} logkeys{p} lsdvd{u} lubuntubox{p} malys-ex{p}
malys-glassart{p} malys-glassart-arch{p} malys-glassart-blue{p} malys-glassart-green{p} malys-uniblack{p}
malys-uniblue{p} malys-unicolors{p} malys-unicolors-blue{p} malys-unicolors-gray{p} malys-unisex-clear{p}
malys-unisex-gray{p} malys-unisex-white{p} malys-uniwhite{p} mencoder{p} mjpegtools{p} monkeys-audio{p}
mplayer{p} mplayer2{p} mpv{p} openbox-themes{p} opera{p} opera-next{p} oracle-java7-jre{p} pia{u}
plowshare4{p} pogo{p} python-mutagen{u} qmmp{p} quiterss{p} rhino{u} scantv{u} simpleburn{p} smplayer{p}
smplayer-skins{p} smplayer-themes{p} soundkonverter{p} sublime-text{p} synaptic{p} timeshift{p} transcode{p}
transcode-doc{p} transmission{p} v4l-conf{u} vivaldi-snapshot{p} vlc{p} vlc-data{p} vlc-nox{p}
vlc-plugin-notify{p} vlc-plugin-pulse{p} vnstat{p} w32codecs{p} wbar{p} wbar-config{p} x264{p} xawtv{u}
xawtv-plugins{u} xipper{p} xix-media-player{p} xlockmore{p} xmms{p} xmms-plugins-antix{p}
0 pacotes atualizados, 0 novos instalados, 193 a serem removidos e 4 não atualizados.
É preciso obter 0 B de arquivos. Depois do desempacotamento, 1.224 MB serão liberados.
Os pacotes a seguir possuem dependências não satisfeitas:
libnss3-nssdb : Depende: libnss3 (= 2:3.17.4-0ubuntu0.14.04.1) but it is not going to be installed.
gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly : Depende: libmp3lame0 but it is not going to be installed.
libgegl-0.2-0 : Depende: libavcodec53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1~) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 6:0.8.4) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavformat53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1~) but it is not going to be installed.
libreoffice-core : Depende: libnspr4 (>= 2:4.9-2~) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libnspr4-0d (>= 1.8.0.10) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libnss3 (>= 2:3.13.4-2~) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libnss3-1d (>= 3.12.0~1.9b1) but it is not going to be installed.
vlmc-build-deps : Depende: vlc (>= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libvlccore-dev (>= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libvlc-dev (>= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed.
handbrake-cli : Depende: libavcodec54 (>= 6:9.1-1) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-54 (>= 6:9.13) o qual é um pacote virtual.
Depende: libavformat54 (>= 6:9.1-1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavutil52 (>= 6:9.1-1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libmkv0 (>= 0.6.5.1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libmp3lame0 but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libswscale2 (>= 6:9.1-1) but it is not going to be installed.
pepperflashplugin-nonfree : Depende: libnspr4 but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libnss3 but it is not going to be installed.
libstreamanalyzer0 : Depende: libavcodec53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavformat53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavutil51 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libswscale2 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed.
gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad : Depende: libdca0 but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libxvidcore4 (>= 1.2.2) but it is not going to be installed.
flashplugin-nonfree : Depende: libnspr4 but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libnss3 but it is not going to be installed.
libasound2-plugins : Depende: libavcodec53 (>= 6:0.8.2-2) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 6:0.8.2-2) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavutil51 (>= 6:0.8.2-2) but it is not going to be installed.
libk3b6-extracodecs : Depende: libavcodec53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1~) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 6:0.8.3) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavformat53 (>= 6:0.8.3-6) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavutil51 (>= 6:0.8.3-6) but it is not going to be installed.
As seguintes ações resolverão estas dependências:
Remover os pacotes a seguir:
1) flashplugin-nonfree
2) gimp
3) gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
4) gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
5) handbrake-cli
6) k3b
7) k3b-i18n
8) katepart
9) kde-runtime
10) kdelibs-bin
11) kdelibs5-dev
12) kdelibs5-plugins
13) kdoctools
14) libasound2-plugins
15) libgegl-0.2-0
16) libk3b6
17) libk3b6-extracodecs
18) libkatepartinterfaces4
19) libkcddb-dev
20) libkcddb4
21) libkde3support4
22) libkdewebkit5
23) libkemoticons4
24) libkfile4
25) libkhtml5
26) libkimproxy4
27) libkio5
28) libkmediaplayer4
29) libknewstuff2-4
30) libknewstuff3-4
31) libknotifyconfig4
32) libkparts4
33) libkprintutils4
34) libkrossui4
35) libktexteditor4
36) libkutils4
37) libnss3-nssdb
38) libplasma3
39) libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer
40) libreoffice-base-core
41) libreoffice-calc
42) libreoffice-core
43) libreoffice-draw
44) libreoffice-impress
45) libreoffice-math
46) libreoffice-pdfimport
47) libreoffice-writer
48) libstreamanalyzer0
49) pepperflashplugin-nonfree
50) plasma-scriptengine-javascript
51) python-uno
52) vlmc-build-deps
Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
53) gimp-data recomenda gimp
54) k3b recomenda libk3b6-extracodecs
55) kdelibs5-plugins recomenda kde-runtime
56) libkhtml5 recomenda kdelibs5-plugins (= 4:4.8.4-4+deb7u1)
57) libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
58) libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
59) libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
60) libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
61) libreoffice-common recomenda python-uno
62) libreoffice-impress recomenda libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer | libreoffice-avmedia-backend-vlc
63) libreoffice-writer recomenda libreoffice-math
64) iceweasel recomenda gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
Aceitar esta solução? [Y/n/q/?]
Remoção por repositório
Diferentemente do primeiro caso, aqui podemos remover apenas os pacotes de um determinado repositório.
Mas isso não que dizer que outros pacotes não serão removidos, pois pode haver casos que um pacote fique órfão(ou perdido no sistema, porque nada depende dele), ou outro seja removido porque sua dependência faz parte da lista dos pacotes do repositório a ser removido).
Então, para remover todos os pacotes de um determinado repositório fazemos assim (vou usar o repositório do Opera como exemplo):
$ sudo aptitude remove "?installed?origin(Opera Software ASA)"
log:
[27462:27448 0:792] 04:16:20 Ter Mar 17 [edps@debian: +1] ~ (1:792)$ sudo aptitude remove "?installed?origin(Opera Software ASA)" Os pacotes a seguir serão REMOVIDOS: opera opera-next 0 pacotes atualizados, 0 novos instalados, 2 a serem removidos e 4 não atualizados. É preciso obter 0 B de arquivos. Depois do desempacotamento, 85,3 MB serão liberados. (Lendo banco de dados ... 286572 files and directories currently installed.) Removendo opera ... update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/opera-next to provide /usr/bin/x-www-browser (x-www-browser) in auto mode update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/opera-next to provide /usr/bin/gnome-www-browser (gnome-www-browser) in auto mode Removendo opera-next ... update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/google-chrome-unstable to provide /usr/bin/x-www-browser (x-www-browser) in auto mode update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/google-chrome-unstable to provide /usr/bin/gnome-www-browser (gnome-www-browser) in auto mode Processando gatilhos para shared-mime-info ... Processando gatilhos para menu ... Processando gatilhos para desktop-file-utils ... Processando gatilhos para man-db ... Processando gatilhos para hicolor-icon-theme ... Processando gatilhos para gnome-menus ... [27462:27448 0:793] 04:18:23 Ter Mar 17 [edps@debian: +1] ~ (1:793)$
Ou algo mais difícl, como o deb-multimedia:
$ sudo aptitude remove "?installed?origin(Unofficial Multimedia Packages)"
log:
[27462:27448 0:794] 04:20:44 Ter Mar 17 [edps@debian: +1] ~
(1:794)$ sudo aptitude remove "?installed?origin(Unofficial Multimedia Packages)"
Os pacotes a seguir serão REMOVIDOS:
aacgain aacplusenc deb-multimedia-keyring faac ffmpeg ffmpeg2theora gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
gstreamer0.10-plugins-really-bad handbrake-cli handbrake-gtk lame lesstif2{u} libaacplus2 libav-tools
libavcodec-dev libavcodec53 libavcodec54 libavdevice54 libavfilter3 libavformat-dev libavformat53
libavformat54 libavresample1{u} libavutil-dev libavutil51 libavutil52 libavutil53{u} libdc1394-22-dev{u}
libdca0 libdirac-dev{u} libdvdcss2 libexplain30{u} libfaac-dev libfaac0 libfdk-aac0 libffms2-2{u}
liblavfile-2.0-0 liblavjpeg-2.0-0 liblavplay-2.0-0 liblsmash2 libmac2 libmjpegutils-2.0-0 libmkv0
libmp3lame-dev libmp3lame0 libmp4v2-2 libmpeg2encpp-2.0-0 libmplex2-2.0-0 liboggkate1{u}
libopencore-amrnb-dev{u} libopencore-amrwb-dev{u} liborc-0.4-dev{u} libpostproc52 libquicktime2{u}
libraw1394-dev{u} libraw1394-tools{u} libschroedinger-dev{u} libswresample0 libswscale2 libtag1-dev
libtag1-vanilla libtag1c2a libtagc0 libtheora-dev{u} libvlc-dev libvlc5 libvlccore-dev libvlccore5
libx264-124 libx264-132 libx264-142 libx264-dev libxp6{u} libxvidcore-dev libxvidcore4 mencoder mjpegtools
monkeys-audio mplayer mplayer2 pia{u} scantv{u} timeshift transcode transcode-doc v4l-conf{u} vlc vlc-data
vlc-nox vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-pulse w32codecs x264 xawtv{u} xawtv-plugins{u}
0 pacotes atualizados, 0 novos instalados, 95 a serem removidos e 4 não atualizados.
É preciso obter 0 B de arquivos. Depois do desempacotamento, 267 MB serão liberados.
Os pacotes a seguir possuem dependências não satisfeitas:
gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly : Depende: libmp3lame0 but it is not going to be installed.
libk3b6 : Depende: libtag1c2a (>= 1.5) but it is not going to be installed.
libgegl-0.2-0 : Depende: libavcodec53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1~) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 6:0.8.4) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavformat53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1~) but it is not going to be installed.
xix-media-player : Depende: lame but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: mplayer but it is not going to be installed.
soundkonverter : Depende: libtag1c2a (>= 1.9.1) but it is not going to be installed.
qmmp : Depende: libavcodec54 (>= 10:1.2.0) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavformat54 (>= 10:1.2.0) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavutil52 (>= 10:1.2.0) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libtag1c2a (>= 1.8) but it is not going to be installed.
gstreamer0.10-plugins-good : Depende: libtag1c2a (>= 1.5) but it is not going to be installed.
vlmc-build-deps : Depende: vlc (>= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libvlccore-dev (>= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libvlc-dev (>= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed.
moc : Depende: libtagc0 (>= 1.5) but it is not going to be installed.
thunar-media-tags-plugin : Depende: libtag1c2a (>= 1.5) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libtagc0 (>= 1.5) but it is not going to be installed.
mpv : Depende: libmp3lame0 (>= 1:3.99.0) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libx264-142 but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libxvidcore4 but it is not going to be installed.
libstreamanalyzer0 : Depende: libavcodec53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavformat53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavutil51 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libswscale2 (>= 6:0.8.3-1+b1) but it is not going to be installed.
gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad : Depende: libdca0 but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libxvidcore4 (>= 1.2.2) but it is not going to be installed.
smplayer : Depende: mplayer but it is not going to be installed. ou
mplayer-nogui but it is not going to be installed. ou
mplayer-mt o qual é um pacote virtual. ou
mplayer2 but it is not going to be installed.
easytag : Depende: libtag1c2a (>= 1.9.1) but it is not going to be installed.
libasound2-plugins : Depende: libavcodec53 (>= 6:0.8.2-2) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 6:0.8.2-2) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavutil51 (>= 6:0.8.2-2) but it is not going to be installed.
libk3b6-extracodecs : Depende: libavcodec53 (>= 6:0.8.3-1~) but it is not going to be installed. ou
libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 6:0.8.3) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavformat53 (>= 6:0.8.3-6) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libavutil51 (>= 6:0.8.3-6) but it is not going to be installed.
Depende: libtag1c2a (>= 1.5) but it is not going to be installed.
xmms-plugins-antix : Depende: mplayer but it is not going to be installed.
As seguintes ações resolverão estas dependências:
Remover os pacotes a seguir:
1) easytag
2) gimp
3) gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
4) gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
5) gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
6) k3b
7) k3b-i18n
8) katepart
9) kde-runtime
10) kdelibs-bin
11) kdelibs5-dev
12) kdelibs5-plugins
13) kdoctools
14) libasound2-plugins
15) libgegl-0.2-0
16) libk3b6
17) libk3b6-extracodecs
18) libkatepartinterfaces4
19) libkcddb-dev
20) libkcddb4
21) libkde3support4
22) libkdewebkit5
23) libkemoticons4
24) libkfile4
25) libkhtml5
26) libkimproxy4
27) libkio5
28) libkmediaplayer4
29) libknewstuff2-4
30) libknewstuff3-4
31) libknotifyconfig4
32) libkparts4
33) libkprintutils4
34) libkrossui4
35) libktexteditor4
36) libkutils4
37) libplasma3
38) libstreamanalyzer0
39) moc
40) mpv
41) opera
42) opera-next
43) plasma-scriptengine-javascript
44) pogo
45) qmmp
46) smplayer
47) smplayer-skins
48) smplayer-themes
49) soundkonverter
50) thunar-media-tags-plugin
51) vlmc-build-deps
52) xix-media-player
53) xmms-plugins-antix
Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
54) gimp-data recomenda gimp
55) kdelibs5-plugins recomenda kde-runtime
56) libkhtml5 recomenda kdelibs5-plugins (= 4:4.8.4-4+deb7u1)
57) phonon-backend-gstreamer recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
58) libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
59) libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
60) libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
61) libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
62) libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
63) libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 recomenda gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
64) pogo recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
65) pogo recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
66) simpleburn recomenda mplayer-nogui | mplayer | gmplayer
67) simpleburn recomenda mencoder
68) soundkonverter recomenda faac
69) soundkonverter recomenda ffmpeg
70) soundkonverter recomenda lame
71) soundkonverter recomenda mplayer
72) iceweasel recomenda gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
73) iceweasel recomenda gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
Aceitar esta solução? [Y/n/q/?]
Como dito anteriormente, além dos pacotes do repositório, outros pacotes serão removidos porque dependem dos pacotes daquele repositório, caso do K3B, MPV, EasyTag, Qmmp, SmPlayer, etc.
Então, fique atento! se não se garante em usar o terminal para resolver seus problemas, o Synaptic faz tudo isso aí que demonstrei no modo gráfico.
Referências
Find packages installed from a certain repository with aptitude
Debian Cleanup Tip #3: get rid of third-party packages
LISTANDO OS REPOSITÓRIOS HABILITADOS NUM SISTEMA DEBIAN-LIKE
LISTANDO OS PACOTES INSTALADOS (POR ORIGEM) NUM SISTEMA DEBIAN-LIKE
t+
Mundo GNU 